Nanoparticle Technology for Power Integration With Flexible Substrates

The nanoparticle technologies consisting of multiple layers of mixtures of activated carbon and ruthenium (IV) oxide for super capacitors are reported. The mono-particulate layer process described here is a modified Langmuir-Blodgett trough. We report the processes for a spray-coated zinc nanopowder electrode used as a counter-electrode forming a galvanic cell of extremely high charge storage capacity (>40A-hr/cm). Hydrated ruthenium oxide as a nanopowder (10-100nm) with a surface area that approaches tens of square meters per gram is layered with nano-powder activated carbon. Thin separating insulating layers are interposed between the RuO2 · xH2O and the counter-electrode. As the counter-electrode, thin films of zinc and aluminum, and powders of zinc for surface area enhancement have been applied. These cells are processed on flexible substrates in order to form a totally self -powered multi-pixel flexible display. Current-Voltage characteristics of thin film transistors biased by the nanoparticle flexible batteries show fast power-on characteristics.